What chemicals released in the brain cause certain moods?

What chemicals released in the brain cause certain moods?

There are many neurotransmitters that induce a combination of bodily, nerve, and mental sensations that we roughly classify as emotions. However, it is not as simple as "produce x to induce y." Everything is a balance. For example, lack of serotonin, or the rapid metabolism of it, can lead to lethargy or depression, but too much of it induces serotonin syndrome which causes tremors, agitation, sweating, and other unpleasant side effects. Acetylcholine modulates learning, memory and general somatic and cognitive arousal; again, too much or too little both lead to a response we would consider negative or unpleasant.

Here's some of the most important neurotransmitters:

Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Serotonin
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
GABA
Vasopressin
Prolactin and Oxytocin
Various other amines
An individual's brain pathways and structures help determine how these chemicals affect him in a unique way as compared to others. Some of these tendencies are present at birth, but they are shaped over time (particularly in the first two years of life and later in adolescence) by experience. So, no one chemical is responsible for one's mood; it is the interaction of the different levels of neurotransmitters, the action of the receptors they bind to, and a person's past experience of interpreting and reacting to stimuli.

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